Valve



Patented Aug. 27, 1929.-

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

l ROBERT JARDINE, OF'DETROIT, MICHIGAN, ASSIGNOR T0 RICH TOOL COMPANY, 0F

CHICAGO, ILLINOIS, A CORPORATION F ILLINOIS.

VALVE.

Application led January 2', 1925. Serial No. 40.

This invention relates to valves, and more particularly to valves for internal combustion engines.

One of the objects of the invention 1s the 5 provision of new and improved means for preventing oxidation of the valve head of exhaust valves in gas engines during the opera tion of said engine. v l

Another obj ect of the invention is the pro-l vision of a new and improved valve construction, parts of which will automatically expand to roperly engage the valve seat to prevent lea age of the same.

l Other objects of the invention are the provision of a new and improved valve that is possessed with the requisite amount of strength atall temperatures, is not .affected by the oxidizing products of combustion, and one that is cheap to manufacture, simple 1n construction, and that is not likely to leak or get out of order durin its operation. 1

Other and further o jects and advantages of the invention will a pear from the following description taken 1n connection with the accompanying drawings, in which Fig. 1 is a vertical section of a valve showinfr the invention in position thereon;

Figs. 2 to 8 inclusive are similar views showing different forms of the device, respectively; and

Fig. 9 is a vertical section of the head and a portion of the stem of a still further modified form of the device, with parts broken away.

Exhaust valves for internal combustion engines are subjected to the oxidizing eect of the heated products of combustion, consequently the valves not'only become very hot but they often develop leaks due to the oxidlz- 40 ing of the exposed surface of the heated material. The use of most non-oxidizing material for making the entire valve is prohibitive in practice on account of the cost of the material.

The average non-oxidizing material is mostsuitable for the seat itself, but frequently in a red hot condition it lacks strength.

In the present invention the seat portion of the valve is protected from the oxidizing effects of thc exhaust gases, and the main body of the invention are by way of examples only.

On the drawings the reference character 10 designates a valve stem which may be of the usual or any approved construction, and 11 the valve head. The head is secured to the stem in any suitable manner, as by being clamped between the shoulder 12 and the headed portion 13, as is usual in such constructions. If desired the stem may be welded to the head. The valve head is shown as being composed of a rigid disk, but it is understood that it may be otherwise. The valve head l1 is beveled to form the usual seat engaging surface 120.

ince the oxidizing of the seat-engaging portion of the valve is the part that is most vitally affected by the oxidation thereof, suitable means are provided for protecting this surface, or, in other words, suitable non-oxid-l izing material is employed for formingavalve seat-engaging portion. This material may be any of those now on the market and selling under the trade names AES, Stainless Steel, Silcrome F, Nicrome, Silcrome No. 1 and the like which have relatively high percentages of nickel, chromium, silicon, or a combination of these elements.

- In the forms of the device shown in Figs. 1 to 4, inclusive, the head l1 is provided with a protective covering whichcompletely envelops andvprotects the entire exposed surface thereof. In Fig. 1 this is accomplished by providing a tapered cup or frustro-conical shaped member 14, which may be and preferably is a sheet metal stamping which is adapted to be mounted on the stem 10 between the Shoulder 1.2 @11d .the head .1l and Contain Said head. The inclined surface 15 of the cup 14 is adapted to engage vthe valve seat. A disk 16, which may be of sheet metal, is mounted on the stem 10 between the headed portion 13 and the valve head 11. The peripheral edges of the cup and disk 16 are imited in any suitable manner, but in order to form a heat conducting and radiating surface the edges are so connected as to form a projection 17. As shown, the plate 16 has its edge rolled to form an annular ring or head 18 about Which the edge 19 of the cup 14 is rolled. The projection 17 is ,arranged adjacent to the inclined surface 15, and is adapted to assist in conducting the heat avvay from said surface and radiating or dis-- sipating the same, thereby preventing overheating or burning of said surface.

In the use of a sheet metal envelope, if a leak in the valve develops the escape of the heated gases during their expansion Will cause a local expansion, outward of that portion of the envelope in proximity to the leak due to its increased temperature. This local expansion will automatically close the leak and that portion of the envelope Will not get any hotter, and consequently will not be likely to burn.

The form of the device disclosed in Fig. 2

diers from that in Fig. 1 in that the tapered cup or frusto-conical member 21 is placed on the outer instead of on the inner side of the head 11. The edge of the'cup member 21 is rolled about the edge of the plate 22 to form a heat radiating fin or surface 23 similar to the head 17 of Fig. 1.

The form of the device shown in Fig. 3 differs from that shown in Fig. 1 in that the peripheral edges of the cup member 24 and plate 25 are not rolled to form a heat radiating member. The peripheral edge of the cup member 24 is merely ianged over the edge of the plate 25 as shown at 26.

In the form of the device shown in Fig. 4 the plate 27 is arranged on the inner instead of on the outer side of the head 11, and the cup shaped member 28 is arranged on thel outer side and is fianged over the plate 27 as at 29.

The forms of the device shown in Figs. 5 and 6 differ from those disclosed in Figs. 3 and 4 in that the plates 25 and 27 respectively are eliminated. In'Fig. 5 the frusto-conical or cup shaped member '31 is secured on the inner side of the valve head ll'and is {ianged over the outer side of said head, as at 32.

v In Fig. 6 the corresponding cup lshaped member 33 is secured to the outer side of the valve head and is flanged over the inner side of said head, as at 34.

In the form of the device shown in Fig. 7,

\,the frusto-conical or cup-shaped member 35 extends about the inner face and seat-engaging surface of the valve head 11, and its outer edge terminates Hush with the outer face of the said head.-

in the use of the valve in an internal combustion engine. As shown in Fig. 9, this is accomplished by providing an envelope 37 which extends over the entire outer surface of the valve and the valve seat portion 38, and is flanged over theunder side of the plate 39 as shown at 41. Depressione 42 are formed in the envelope for engaging the recesses 43 in the plate l39. The depressions 42 form recesses for the reception of a Spanner Wrench for rotating the valve as is colnmonhin such constructions. Where the valve stem 44 is connected to the valve head 0r plate 39 by upsetting the outer end thereof, as shown at 45 in Fig. 9, it will be necessary to form a depression 46 in the envelope 37 for receiving the upset end 45.

It is thought from the foregoing taken in connection with the accompanying drawings that the construction and operation of my device will be apparent to those skilled in the art, and that various changes in size, shape, proportion and details o construction may be made Without departing from the spirit and scope of the appended claims.

I claim as my invention:

1. A valve for an internal combustion engine comprising a head, a stem therefor, and a protective covering for said head, said `covering comprising an envelope composed of two parts having their edges rolled together to form a heat-radiating head.

2. A valve for internal combustion enf gines comprising a head, a stem therefor, an envelope of sheet met-al for said head, said envelope comprising a plate for engaging one side of said head, a cup-shaped member for receiving said head, said member pro; vided With a flange for engaging the outer surface of said plate adjacent to the peripheral edge thereof.

3. A valve for internal combustion en?, gines, comprising a head provided with al beveled edge, a stem for said head, said stem being provided with a shoulder, and a protective covering of non-oxidizing material for the inner portion and beveled edge of said head, said covering being clamped on said stem between said head and shoulder, said covering having portions engaging the face of said head opposite said stem.

4. A valve for internal combustion engines comprising a head having a beveled valve seat engaging portion, a stem rigidly secured to said head, and an envelope of non-oxidizing material secured to said head for protecting the inner surface and beveled portion of said head, thel free edge of said envelo bea valve seat enga 'ng portion, said envelo e l0 ing anged over the outer surface o said forming a gas-tig t connection between t e head. same and sald stem whereby said head will be 5, An exhaust valve for an internal comcompletely protected from contacting heated bastion engine comprising a head having a gas passing by said valve during its opera bevel surface, a stem for said head, an en tion in a combustion engine. l5

velope of non-corrosive sheet metal complete- In testimony whereof I aix my signature. ly enclosing said head and having a portion p conforming to said bevel surface for forming ROBERT JARDINE. 

